PRATICE 8: VERB

Exercise

1. A: How long   you   (wait) for them?
   B: We  (wait) for one hour.
2. After the guests (leave), I went to bed.
3. Anna  (not, be) here tomorrow.
4. Annie started a letter to her last week, but she still  (finish) it.
5. At eight o'clock last night, I  (studying).
6. At midnight, we   still  (drive) through the desert.
7. Bill   still  (not arrive).
8. Danny   just  (hear)some bad news.
9. Doctors  (cure) many deadly diseases.
10. He always  (eats) a sandwich for lunch.
11. He   never  (travel) by train.
12. He  (need) help right now.
13. He  (play) the violin.
14. I  never  (see) snow.
15. I  (be) here since seven o'clock.
16. I  (buy) a new car three days ago.
17. I  (fly) on an airplane many times.
18. I  (get) up at seven every morning.
19. I  (go) to school yesterday.
20. I  (know) him for many years.
21. I  (like) cowboy movies ever since I was a child.
22. I  (meet) many people since I came here in June.
23. I  (study) for two hours every night.
24. I  (take)five courses this semester.
25. I  (walk) down the street when it began to rain.
26. I  (wear) this same pair of shoes for three years.
27. I  (write) my wife a letter every day for the last two weeks.
28. I need an umbrella because it  (rain) .
29. I think I  (see) that movie before.
30. I   never  (be) to France.
31. I  (study) French when I was a child.
32. I  (study) while he  (prepare) dinner.
33. I  (not pay) attention while I  (write) the letter, so I made several mistakes.
34. Jack   (see) the picture yet.
35. Jack  (finish) his work tomorrow.
36. James  (not finish) his homework yet.
37. Joan  (study) two foreign languages.
38. John  (live) in Paris since 1995, but now he lives in Rome.
39. John  (sleeping) right now.
40. John  (try) to improve his work habits.
41. Last night at 6 PM, I  (eat) dinner.
42. Last year at this time, I  (attend) school.
43. My car  (break) down three times this week.
44. Rita  (stand) under a tree when it began to rain.
45. Sam  (leave) before Ann (get)  there.
46. Shauna  (studied) Japanese for five years.
47. She graduated from university less than three years ago. She  (work) for three different companies so far.
48. She  (work) at the movie theater after school.
49. She  (consult) to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.
50. Susan  (reading) a book in her room at this moment.
51. Susan  (master) Japanese, but she can communicate.
52. The army  (attack) that city five times.
53. The average person  (breathe) 21,600 times a day.
54. The rain    (has stop).
55. The students  (sit) at their desks right now.
56. The thief simply walked in last night. Someone  (forget) to lock the door.
57. The world  (be) round
58. They  (move) into a new apartment.
59. They felt bad about selling the house because they  (own) it for more than forty years.
60. They never  (went) to school, they always skipped class.
61. They  (not stay) at the party the entire time.
62. They  (sit) at the beach all day.
63. Water  (consist) of hydrogen and oxygen.
64. We  (be) here for two weeks.
65. We  (have) four tests so far this semester.
66. We  (talk) on the phone for thirty minutes.
67. What   you  (do) while you  (wait)?
68. While Ellen  (read), Tim  (watch) television.
69. While I was studying in one room of our apartment, my roommate  (have) a party in the other room.
70. Yesterday at this time, I  (sit) at my desk at work.
71. you ever  (visit) Mexico?
72.  you  (listen) while he  (talk)?

LESSON 8: VERB

The Simple Tenses

The Simple Tenses comprises of three forms, Simple Present, Simple Past and Simple Future tense.

 Simple Present 

1. The simple present says that something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future. It expresses general statements of fact and timeless truth.

a. Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen.

b. The average person breathes 21,600 times a day.

c. The world is round.

2.The simple present is used to express habitual or everyday activities.

d. I study for two hours every night.

e. I get up at seven every morning.

f. He always eats a sandwich for lunch.

Exercise 

1.  he    (play)tennis?
2. The train  (leave) every morning at 8 AM.
3. She always  (forget) her purse.
4. He never  (wash) his hands before meal.
5. Every twelve months, the Earth  (circle) the Sun.
6. The bus   (not arrive)at 11 AM, it  (arrives) at 11 PM.
7. When  we    (board) the plane?
8. The party  (starts) at 8 o'clock.
9. When   class   (begin) tomorrow?
10. I  (be) here now.

Simple Past

1.The simple past indicates that an activity or situation began and ended in a particular time in the past.

a. I walked to school yesterday.

b. John lived in Paris for ten years, but now he lives in Rome.

c. I bought a new car three days ago.

2. If a sentence contains when and has the simple past in both clauses, the action in the when clause happens first. 

d. Rita stood under a tree when it began to rain.

Note (d): 1st: The rain began. 

2nd: She stood under a tree.

e. When Mrs. Chu heard a strange noise, she got up to investigate.

f. When I dropped my cup, the coffee spilled on my lap.

Exercise

1. I  (watch) a movie yesterday.
2. I   (not see)a play yesterday.
3. Last year, I  (travel) to Korea.
4.  you  (have) dinner last night?
5. She  (drive) her car to the mall this morning.
6. He  (not wash) those plates.
7. I  (finish) work,  (walk) to the beach, and  (find) a nice place to swim.
8. He  (arrived) from the airport at 8:00,  (check) into the hotel at 9:00, and  (meet) the others at 10:00.
9.  you    (add) flour,  (pour) in the milk, and then  (add) the eggs?
10. I    (live) in Brazil for two years.

Simple Future

1. Will is used to express future time.

a. Jack will finish his work tomorrow.

b. Anna will not be here tomorrow.

Exercise

1. I  (send) you the information when I get it.
2. I  (translate) the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
3.  you  (help) me move this heavy table?
4.  you  (make) dinner?
5. I  (not do) your homework for you.
6. They  (buy) him some food afterwards.
7. Gwen  (visit) her grandmother next week.
8. Henry  (not save) the dinner for his mum.
9. Thomas  (pay) Julia next month.
10. Owen  (pass) the gift to Clara. 

The Progressive Tenses

The Progressive tenses give the idea that an action is in progress during a particular time. The tenses say that an action begins before, is in progress during, and continues after another time or action.

Form: be (is, am ,are / was, were) +ing (present participle)

Example: 

• You are watching TV.
• Are you watching TV?
• You are not watching TV.
• You were studying when she called.
• Were you studying when she called?
• You were not studying when she called.

Present Progressive

1. The present progressive expresses an activity that is in progress at the moment of speaking. It is a temporary activity that began in the past, is continuing at present, and will probably end at some point in the future.

a. John is sleeping right now.

b. I need an umbrella because it is raining .

c. The students are sitting at their desks right now.

2.Often the activity is of a general nature: something generally in progress this week, this month, this year.

d. I am taking five courses this semester.

e. John is trying to improve his work habits.

f. Susan is writing another book.

Note (f): The sentence means that writing a book is a general activity Susan is engaged in at present, but it does not mean that at the moment of speaking she is sitting at her desk with pen in her hand.

Exercise

1. You  (learn) English now.
2.  you  (eat) now?
3. Ivan  (standing).
4.  Johnny and his brother  (sit) or  (stand)?
5. They  (reading) their books.
6. They  (watching) television.
7. What   you  (do)?
8. Why   you  (not do) your homework?
9. We   (studying) to become a dentist.
10. I  (read) the book Tom Sawyer.

PRACTICE 7: ADVERB

Exercise 1

Find the adjective in the first sentence and fill in the blanks with corresponding adverb.

1. James is careful. He drives                                                                      

2. The girl is slow. She walks                                                                        

3. Our English teacher is perfect, she speaks English                                                                        

4. Our teacher is angry. She shouts     

5. My neighbour is a loud speaker. He speaks                                                                     

6. He is a bad writer. He writes                                                                   

7. Jane is a nice guitar player. He plays the guitar                                                                               

8. He is a good painter. He paints                                                                              

9. She is a quiet girl. She does her job                                                                                     

10. This exercise is easy. You can do it                                                                                     

 

Exercise 2 : Adjective or Adverb Exercise 

Choose the correct item:

1. He (correct, correctly) defined the terms. The answer sounded (correctly, correct).

2. She (quickly, quick) adjusted the fees. She adapted (quick, quickly) to any situation.

3. He measured the floor (exact, exactly). They proved to be (perfectly, perfect) (exact, exactly) measurements.

4. The stillness of the tomb was (awfully, awful). The tomb was (awfully, awful) still.

5. It was a (dangerously, dangerous) lake to swim in. The man was (dangerous, dangerously) drunk. The gas smelled (dangerously, dangerous).

6. She performed (magnificent, magnificently). It was a (magnificent, magnificently) beautiful performance.

7. Her voice sounds (beautifully, beautiful). She sang the song (exact, exactly) as it was written. We heard it (perfectly, perfect).

8. He was a very (sensibly, sensible) person. He acted very (sensible, sensibly).

9. Mike wrote too (slow, slowly) on the exam. He always writes (slow, slowly).

10. Talk (softly, soft) or don't talk at all. The music played (softly, soft).

11. Andrea knows the material very (good, well). She always treats us (good, well).

12. You must send payments (regular, regularly). We deal on a (strictly, strict) cash basis.

13. The mechanic's tools were (well, good). The foreman said that his work was (good, well) done.

14. She worked (careful, carefully) with the sick child. She was a very (careful, carefully) worker.

15. He did not pass the course as (easy, easily) as he thought he would.

16. I find this novel very (interesting, interestingly). It was (interesting, interestingly) written.

LESSON 7: ADVERB

The Adverb

Recognize an adverb when you see one.

Adverbs tweak the meaning of verbs, adjectives, other adverbs, and clauses. Read, for example, this sentence:

Our basset hound Bailey sleeps on the living room floor.

Is Bailey a sound sleeper, curled into a tight ball? Or is he a fitful sleeper, his paws twitching while he dreams? The addition of an adverb adjusts the meaning of the verb sleeps so that the reader has a clearer picture:

Our basset hound Bailey sleeps peacefully on the living room floor.

Adverbs can be single words, or they can be phrases or clauses. Adverbs answer one of these four questions: How? When? Where? and Why?

Here are some single-word examples:

Lenora rudely grabbed the last chocolate cookie.

The adverb rudely fine-tunes the verb grabbed.

Tyler stumbled in the completely dark kitchen.

The adverb completely fine-tunes the adjective dark.

Roxanne very happily accepted the ten-point late penalty to work on her research essay one more day.

The adverb very fine-tunes the adverb happily.

Surprisingly, the restroom stalls had toilet paper.

The adverb surprisingly modifies the entire main clause that follows.

Many single-word adverbs end in ly. In the examples above, you saw peacefully, rudely, completely, happily, and surprisingly.

Not all ly words are adverbs, however. Lively, lonely, and lovely are adjectives instead, answering the questions What kind? or Which one?

Many single-word adverbs have no specific ending, such as next, not, often, seldom, and then. If you are uncertain whether a word is an adverb or not, use a dictionary to determine its part of speech.

Adverbs can also be multi-word phrases and clauses. Here are some examples:

At 2 a.m., a bat flew through Deidre's open bedroom window.

The prepositional phrase at 2 a.m. indicates when the event happened. The second prepositional phrase, through Deidre's open bedroom window, describes where the creature traveled.

With a fork, George thrashed the raw eggs until they foamed.

The subordinate clause until they foamed describes how George prepared the eggs.

Sylvia emptied the carton of milk into the sink because the expiration date had long passed.

The subordinate clause because the expiration date had long passed describes why Sylvia poured out the milk.

Avoid an adverb when a single, stronger word will do.

Many readers believe that adverbs make sentences bloated and flabby. When you can replace a two-word combination with a more powerful, single word, do so!

For example, don't write drink quickly when you mean gulp, or walk slowly when you mean saunter, or very hungry when you mean ravenous.

Form comparative and superlative adverbs correctly.

To make comparisons, you will often need comparative or superlative adverbs. You use comparative adverbs—more and less—if you are discussing two people, places, or things. You use superlative adverbs—most and least—if you have three or more people, places, or things.

Look at these two examples:

Beth loves green vegetables, so she eats broccoli more frequently than her brother Daniel.

Among the members of her family, Beth eats pepperoni pizza the least often.

Don't use an adjective when you need an adverb instead.

You will often hear people say, "Anthony is real smart"  or "This pizza sauce is real salty."

Real is an adjective, so it cannot modify another adjective like smart or salty. What people should say is "Anthony is really smart" or "This pizza sauce is really salty."

If you train yourself to add the extra ly syllable when you speak, you will likely remember it when you write, where its absence will otherwise cost you points or respect!

Realize that an adverb is not part of the verb.

Some verbs require up to four words to complete the tense. A multi-part verb has a base or main part as well as auxiliary or helping verbs with it.

When a short adverb such as also, never, or not interrupts, it is still an adverb, not part of the verb. Read these examples:

For his birthday, Frank would also like a jar of dill pickles.

Would like = verb; also = adverb.

After that dreadful casserole you made last night, Julie will never eat tuna or broccoli again.

Will eat = verb; never = adverb.

Despite the approaching deadline, Sheryl-Ann has not started her research essay.

Has started = verb; not = adverb.